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Study Tip: Myxedema Coma
Myxedema coma – a rare life-threatening form of hypothyroidism. It is a disorder characterized by hypoventilation, hypoglycemia, and hypotension. The client with myxedema presents with severe metabolic disorders, generalized nonpitting edema, puffy face, weakness, hypothermia, cardiovascular collapse, and coma.
Diagnostic tests: blood gases, electrolyte levels, ECG, blood sugar, and thyroid hormone levels. Intravenous fluid, electrolyte replacement, intravenous cortisol or other adrenal cortical hormone are used in the treatment. Warm blanket for low body temperature, glucose supplements for hypoglycemia.
Content area: Med-Surg | Endocrine
Merry Christmas!
A very Merry Christmas to all our friends and family 🙂
Enjoy the most wonderful time of the year and be safe!
Study Tip: Thyrotoxicosis
Thyrotoxicosis (Thyroid Storm) – a form of severe hyperthyroidism that can be precipitated by stress, injury, or infection. It is a life-threatening emergency. Manifestations of thyroid storm include temperature above 102 degrees F (39 degrees C) – with this high temperature, all organ systems will be affected, tachycardia, abdominal pain, systolic hypertension, N/V, confusion, agitation, tremors, and possible seizures. Management of treatment requires careful follow-up by an endocrinologist. Medications include antithyroid medications and radioactive iodine.
Content area: Med-Surg | Endocrine
Study Tip: Dilated Cardiomyopathy
Dilated Cardiomyopathy – a disease that causes the enlargement of all the chambers of the heart, usually starting in the left ventricle which is heart’s main pumping chamber. The ventricle stretches, dilates, and unable to pump blood as it should. There is decreased cardiac out and decrease contractility as a result. Causes of primary cardiomyopathy is unknown, secondary cardiomyopathy may be caused by ischemia, infection, or metabolic disorders.
Cardiomyopathy is a common cause of heart failure and dysrhythmia, dilated cardiomyopathy can also contribute to irregular heartbeats (arrhythmias), blood clots or sudden death. Treatment include digoxin, antidysrhythmics, beta blockers, and calcium channel blockers. Heart transplantation may be considered if the damage to the heart is considered to be permanent and unrecoverable.
Content area:Â Med-Surg | Cardiac
Study Tip: Status Asthmaticus
Status Asthmaticus – a severe, life-threatening acute exacerbation of asthma attack that is unresponsive to initial treatments and interventions for asthma attack with bronchodilators. Status Asthmaticus places the client at high risk for respiratory failure. The client has acidosis, hypoxemia, hypoxia, and hypercapnia; all of these together with effects of increase lung volume place the client at risk for pneumothorax and cardiac arrest. Status asthmaticus is considered a medical emergency.
Content Area: Med-Surg – Respiratory
Be Strong!
Work hard for what you want because it won’t come to you without a fight. You have to be strong, courageous, and know that you can do anything you put your mind to. If somebody puts you down or criticizes you, just keep on believing in yourself and keep pushing. Don’t give up! #Ambition #Success #youcanpassnclex!
Critical Thinking Question
Studying, planning and getting ready for your exams. Practice some critical thinking questions as you study; get yourself ready for success!
Complications of Cirrhosis
One of the complications of cirrhosis is Hepatic Encephalopathy. This is a neurological problem resulting from too much ammonia in the blood. Medications for the treatment of Hepatic Encephalopathy include Lactulose and Neomycin.
Question:
A client is undergoing treatment for Hepatic Encephalopathy. What are two main goals (objectives) of therapeutic management for this client?
Leave your answers in the comments
Answer is on Page 2 below
Remedial/Refresher Course
NCLEX Pharm: Heparin
Class: Anticoagulant
Indication:
- Prevention of clotting in arterial and heart surgery
- Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC)
- Atrial fibrillation with embolization
- DVT and Pulmonary embolism
Side effects:
- Hematology: Thrombocytopenia, bleeding, bruising, injection-site reactions,
- Skin: hair loss,
- GI: liver enzyme changes
Nursing Tips:
- Heparin is a High Alert Medication
- Adjust dose based on lab results.
- Dosage is considered adequate when the activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) is 1.5 to 2 times normal
- Give by deep subcutaneous injections; do not give IM.
- Have protamine sulfate on hand as antidote.
- Protect clients from injury, report bleeding gums, black or tarry stools, and severe headache.
- Avoid intramuscular route of administration because of the frequent occurrence of hematoma at the injection site.
- Always follow facility’s heparin protocol, whenever working with this medication.
Ref: Roach’s Introductory Clinical Pharmacology
To Your Success!
Rophem 🙂
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